James Bruce

The Aberdeen Pulpit and Universities: a Series of Sketches of the Aberdeen Clergy, and of the Professors in the Aberdeen Colleges (1844) James Bruce

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Contributor Bio:  Bruce, James Dr Ivan Bloch 1872-1922 (sometimes spelt Iwan Bloch), was a pioneer of psycho-sexual studies alongside Krafft-Ebing, was the first biographer of the Marquis de Sade and also the discoverer in 1903 of de Sade's manuscript of 'The 120 Days Of Sodom', previously thought to be lost forever, it was published by him under the pseudonym Eugene Duhren in 1904. Together with Magnus Hirschfeld and Albert Eulenburg, Bloch proposed the new concept of a science of sexuality: Sexualwissenschaft or sexology. In 1906 he wrote 'The sexual life of our time', a complete encyclopedia of the sexual sciences in their relation to modern civilisation, along with other books relating to human sexuality. According to Sigmund Freud, Bloch's studies were instrumental in the development of the anthropological approach to the theory of sexuality. Before Bloch, homosexuality was analysed using a pathological approach.